Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University researched body odor and discovered that Staphylococcus hominis bacteria play a significant role. They created a bacteriophage lysin that specifically targets these bacteria, potentially leading to new treatments for body odor.
Bacteriophage therapy could be developed based on the results of the study.
Body odor from the armpits comes from bacteria breaking down sweat created by the apocrine glands. These bacteria are naturally found on our skin, but the odors they produce vary among individuals. Most people use deodorants on their armpits, but maybe there's a way to eliminate the bacteria.
Research on Armpit Bacteria
To find out, a research team led by Osaka Metropolitan University Professor Satoshi Uematsu and Associate Professor Kosuke Fujimoto at the Graduate School of Medicine collected body fluid samples from the armpits of 20 men that were deemed healthy. In advance, a subjective olfactory panel classified them into two types of odors, with 11 having a more noticeable smell.
The researchers analyzed the matter produced from bacterial metabolism and the DNA of the skin microflora and found an increased presence of odor-causing precursors in those 11 samples along with a proliferation of Staphylococcus hominis bacteria.
Targeted Bacterial Treatment
The team then synthesized a lysin from a bacteriophage, or virus that attacks bacteria, that infects S. hominis. During in vitro experiments, this lysin was found to target only S. hominis, not other bacteria normally present on the skin.
“We performed a large-scale metagenomic analysis of the skin microflora using the SHIROKANE supercomputer at the University of Tokyo and found that S. hominis is important in the development of odor,” said Assistant Professor Miho Uematsu in the Department of Immunology and Genomics. “The identification of the lysin that attacks S. hominis is also the result of the comprehensive genome analysis.”
Potential for New Treatments
Dr. Miki Watanabe, who is part of the Department of Immunology and Genomics and the Department of Dermatology added: “Axillary [armpit] odors are one of the few dermatological disorders in which bacteria are the primary cause. Although many patients suffer from axillary odors, there are few treatment options. We believe that this study will lead to a new therapy.”
The study was published in the Journal of Investigative Dermatology.
Reference: “Targeted lysis of Staphylococcus hominis linked to axillary osmidrosis using bacteriophage-derived endolysin” by Miki Watanabe, Miho Uematsu, Kosuke Fujimoto, Takeshi Hara, Mako Yamamoto, Daichi Miyaoka, Chieko Yokota, Yukari Kamei, Akira Sugimoto, Natsuko Kawasaki, Takato Yabuno, Noriaki Sato, Shintaro Sato, Kiyoshi Yamaguchi, Yoichi Furukawa, Daisuke Tsuruta, Fumihiro Okada, Seiya Imoto and Satoshi Uematsu, 18 April 2024, Journal of Investigative Dermatology.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.03.039
